km). Here is the Gist of all important information about the Tungabhadra River. Request Permissions, S MANASI, INGRID NESHEIM, K J JOY, SUHAS PARANJAPE, K V RAJU and NAGOTHU UDAYA SEKHAR, Published By: Economic and Political Weekly. The analysis shows that all the streamflow projections project an increase in the higher streamflow values and a decrease in the lower streamflow values which is in line with the previous studies (Zhang et al. Impacts of climate change on water provisional services in Tungabhadra basin using InVEST Model, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.007, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-017-2095-8, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-019-1294-3, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.02.020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.02.040, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Comparison of six rainfall-runoff modelling approaches, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2003.09.001, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.037, Climate change impact assessment on hydrology of Indian river basins, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2018.05.001, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.104680, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3989-2012, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41334-7, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(90)90097-H, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2018.11.004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128794, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.521, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00681-1, https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v65i1.851, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.088, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199606)10:6<877::AID-HYP377 > 3.0.CO;2-T, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.057, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3315-2012, Hydrological stream flow modelling on Tungabhadra catchment: parameterization and uncertainty analysis using SWAT CUP, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0001217, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-015-1721-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.10.002, https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2011.11465379, Evaluating the performance of secondary precipitation products through statistical and hydrological modeling in a mountainous tropical basin of India, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105121, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4033-2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.10.005, Comparing machine learning and deep learning models for probabilistic post-processing of satellite precipitation-driven streamflow simulation, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY 4.0), which permits copying, adaptation and redistribution, provided the original work is properly cited (, This site uses cookies. From the analysis, it was found that models CanESM5, INM-CM5-0, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, and MRI-ESM2-0 were found to be the best-performing models. Tungabhadra River - Wikipedia Critically Overdrafted Basins - Department Of Water Resources Hence, employing a large ensemble of GCMs with models that do not perform well in the study area plausibly impacts the projected streamflow (, The entropy technique was used to obtain the weights of the three indicators in the normalized payoff matrix. 2015b; Anil et al. 2016). 2019; Alam et al. The dam is near the town of Hosapete in Karnataka. Krishna River CMIP6-based GCMs used in the study and their specifications. The second power plant at Hospet has eight 9 M.W. PDF Morphometric Analysis of a Drainage System: A Case study 2019; Wang et al. The Tungabhadra River is a river in India that originates in the Western Ghats and flows through the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. 2007). Hampi is a famous UNESCO World Heritage site and a historic village located on the banks of the Tungabhadra River close to Hospet. The conditional quantiles are estimated using binary regression trees known as classification and regression trees (CARTs). River Basins in India - Geography Notes 2013; Tegegne et al. The model established during the historical period is used to correct the ensemble spread of generated future streamflows. Basically, the model identifies unit hydrograph and flow components from rainfall, evaporation, and streamflow. Nearly 30 million liters of effluents are released into the Tunga from Shimoga each year. PDF Land use and Land Cover change Detection using Remote sensing and 2020). "[4] This is the contribution of just one city which, unlike Bhadravathi and Hospet, cannot boast of being an industrial city. Economic and Political Weekly (2016) assessed the parametric uncertainty in simulating the extreme peak and low flows in the Tungabhadra Basin using Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Broadly, the biophysical context of the Tungabhadra basin can be . Performance evaluation metrics along with equation, range, and ideal values. the SRTM data. California is the only state in the US with an extensive seacoast, high mountains, and deserts. 2020). The land use maps of 1993, 2003 and . It is noticed from, The change in the future projections of various hydrological components like precipitation (PR), streamflow (QQ), WA, and PET over the basin concerning the historical data (i.e., observed data) are shown in, In order to assess the uncertainty induced by each individual GCM to the uncertainty in the GCM ensemble, each GCM was given a rank based on the amount of uncertainty (, The correlation between the uncertainty of different climate variables projection and hydrological components of the HBV model at a monthly scale was plotted (, The frequency distribution of flows can be graphically visualized using FDCs at the outlet point. useful to understand hydrological behavior of basin. There is a cluster of Nava Brahma temples constructed by the early Chalukyas. Tungabhadra Dam, commonly known as Pampa Sagar, is amultifunctional damlocated near Hosapete, Ballari district, Karnataka. Furthermore, the groundwater levels in Vedavati sub-basin are depleting due to over-exploitation attributable to scanty rainfall and surface water availability (WA). Classification | Overview | Thrips of California - Key Search The hyper-parameters such as the maximum terminal node size are set to 20 with a tree size of 1,000. The QRF post-processing technique was applied to reduce the uncertainty bands in the ensemble streamflow projections. The low lands of Penna basin can be supplied with Krishna river from the Srisailam dam up to 250 m MSL. The entropy for each criterion (column) in the payoff matrix is estimated using Equation (, Weights are assigned for each performance indicator obtained from the entropy method, Compromise programming (CP) is used to rank the performance of GCMs based on the computed indices. One of the major problems and concerns associated with TB Dam is that it has been undergoing a lot of siltation. The PBIAS value of SWAT is lower (between 5%) than that of other models, whereas the bias in HBV simulated flow is within acceptable limits. 286 reviews #13 of 64 things to do in Hampi Bodies of Water Write a review What people are saying By dnandagopal " Great Dam and River flowing through the Hampi city. The Importance of Tungabhadra Dam & Tungabhadra river (MAP 2022) The river is also a popular destination for tourists, who come to enjoy the scenery and wildlife. Sringeri, Sarada Peetham established by the Adi Shankaracharya is the most famous one on the left bank of the Tunga, about 50km (31mi) downstream of its origin. The Sangameswaram Temple to Lord Shiva at the place where several holy rivers meet in, This page was last edited on 7 July 2023, at 00:45. Despite having lower individual contributions, i.e., GCMs (5.049.48% in the near future and 5.069.26% in the far future) and SSPs (0.570.82% in the near future and 0.571.03% in the far future), their interaction has a major share in total uncertainty. Tungabhadra river's pollution has affected 1 million people in the sub-basin as most villages use the river water for drinking, bathing, irrigating crops, fishing and livestock water, previously obtained through an ancient tank system. (PDF) Hydrological assessment of the Tungabhadra River Basin based on In the present study, the impact of land use land cover change (LULC) on stream flow is studied by using SWAT model for Tungabhadra river basin, located in the state of Karnataka, India. The historical FDC is plotted in, The uncertainty contribution of different sources obtained from 3-way ANOVA for the near future (20212060) and far future (20612100) is plotted in, The QRF post-processing is further applied to the generated future streamflows for 20202100 under all SSPs and the changes obtained after and before the post-process are shown in, River basin profile Tungabhadra Sub-Basin Karnataka, ACIWRM and WRD, Karnataka state government, Karnataka, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65114-w, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-017-2359-3. Can I get pdf of this article in printable form? Advertisement Advertisement This model has been widely used around the world attributable to its strong scientific foundation (Chen et al. Tungabhadra | PDF | Fresh Water | Hydraulic Engineering Thank you so much for the quality content. The NSE values for HBV, IHACRES, SIMHYD, and SWAT were 0.71, 0.65, 0.59, and 0.73, respectively, during the calibration period (19751993) and 0.76, 0.72, 0.71, and 0.73, respectively, during the validation period (19942010). The numbers on the right-side colour bar represent the ranks of GCMs contributions to the overall uncertainty (the GCM with the largest contribution is given the highest rank and vice versa). Uncertainty in the ensemble flows decomposed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. How much complexity is warranted in a rainfall-runoff model? Changes in hydrological component QQ before and after application of QRF post-processing technique. Power houses-The project has resulted in the construction ofthree power plants. The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) initiated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has coordinated and compiled the simulation from climate model experiments obtained from various modelling teams worldwide. The Markendeshwara Temple to Lord Shiva on the banks of the Tungabhadra river at Shivapur village. 2019 TJPRC Publication Morphometric evaluation and prioritization of twenty-five mini-watersheds of all Hirehalla watershed situated in Koppal district of Karnataka state, India had been completed with Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Death Valley, California is the lowest of the basins with its lowest elevation of -282 feet (-86 m). Rubia khan,D.C .Jhariya (2016) Land use . Moreover, they are prone to inherent biases that should be corrected. He took rest on the region now known as Varaha Parvatha. Tungabhadra riveris the tributary of the Krishna river. The river after the confluence of the two streams near Shimoga, runs for about 531km (330 miles) till it joins the river Krishna at Sangamaleshwaram in Andhra Pradesh. The Tungabhadra river is a habitat for diverse aquatic flora and fauna, including hundreds of species of fish and other aquatic animals. Tungabhadra river originates in the Western Ghats of Karnataka and flows towards north-east and joins the river Krishna. In this area the river takes a number of twists and turns owing to the rocky terrain. The Nava Brahma Temples complex, one of the earliest models of temple architecture in India. The Tungabhadra River is a river in India that starts and flows through the state of Karnataka during most of its course, before flowing along the border between Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and ultimately joining the Krishna River near Gundimalla village in Jogulamba Gadwal district of Telangana. Topography - California - City-Data.com Bejagam et al. The surface runoff is estimated using a negative exponential function of soil wetness, and the interflow and base flow are estimated as linear functions of soil wetness and groundwater storage, respectively. In conclusion, the Tungabhadra River is an important source of water for the people living in its basin. 2015; Piras et al. They are Hydrologiska Byrns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV), simple hydrology (SIMHYD); identification of unit hydrographs and component flows from rainfall, evaporation, and streamflow data (IHACRES), and soil and water assessment tool (SWAT). Tungabhadra Dam is the lifeline of six districts prone to recurrent drought: Bellary, Koppal, and Raichur in Karnataka (often known as the rice bowl of Karnataka), and Anantapur, Cuddapah, and Kurnool in neighbouring Andhra Pradesh. It stands around 49.39 metres tall. Hence, assessing the WA under changing climate scenarios is a crucial issue in this basin. Performance evaluation metrics of hydrological models during the calibration and validation periods. They are found wherever there is a possibility of land erosion during the floods. The river has immense significance in forming the political & religious history of Hampi. Flowchart representing the workflow of the present study. Estimation of seasonal water yield using InVEST model: a case study After confluence, the Tungabhadra river flows through Honnali and Harihara taluks of Davangere district. The Multifunctional Role played by Tungabhadra Dam. The Tungabhadra River in southern India is a holy river that runs from Karnataka to Andhra Pradesh. The calibrated parameters were validated for the period 19942010. The above results indicate that the flashiness of the catchment (slope of flow duration curve) may increase indicating higher variability of flows in future scenarios. (2021) shows a reduction in the streamflow projections in the Tungabhadra Basin because of the increased frequency and severity of droughts due to climate change. However, the obtained projections suffer from inherent biases in both climate and hydrological models (HMs) (Her et al. 2014), and the daily maximum and daily minimum temperature data are available at a resolution of 1 1 (Srivastava et al. IOSR-JAGG Volume-10 ~ Issue-2 ~ Mar. - Apr. 2022 km). The sweat which flowed from the left side of his scalp became the Tunga river, and the sweat which flowed from his right side became Bhadra River. Hence, using multiple model structures is essential to account for the uncertainties in future streamflow projection. From higher QQ projections, it is understood that more intense precipitation is expected in the future with fewer rainy days (Meenu et al. Manthralayam Sree Raghavendra Swamy Muth in Kurnool District and Alampur District, Jogulamba is the presiding deity at this holy place of Alampur- known as Dakshina Kashi, are the other important pilgrimage centres. From there, the Tungabhadra meanders through the plains to a distance of 531km (330mi). It is a multipurpose dam serving irrigation, electricity generation, flood control, etc. 2015a). The climate projections obtained from the five selected GCMs for four different scenarios were forced into four HMs (with varying model structures) to generate ensemble streamflow. 2020a), proved its efficiency again with better performance in the present study. (2016). The post-processed future streamflows also project increment in the future streamflows, but the increment is significantly lower than the ensemble streamflows before post-processing. It was found that the changes in projected Tmax range from 3.0 to +3.4 C, and Tmin ranges from 1.8 to +1.8 C. The performance metrics such as fourth root mean quadrupled error (R4MS4E), Logarithmic NashSutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (logNSE), percentage bias (PBIAS), SS, and mean absolute error (MAE) are estimated to evaluate the performance of simulated flows from the calibrated HMs. Flow duration curves for multiple GCMs and multiple hydrological model ensemble projections for four climate scenarios. In February 2019, DWR released the final 2018 Basin Boundary Modifications, which affected nine critically overdrafted basins. Basin-level hydrological studies assist policymakers and end-users in implementing better adaptation strategies for improved water resources management under climate change. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2023.272. GCM with higher uncertainty given the first rank and GCM with the least uncertainty given the last rank. A detailed description of group decision-making methodology can be found in Srinivasa Raju et al. However, the raw GCM projections are simulated at coarser spatial resolutions (>200 km2) that cannot be used in basin-scale climate change impact studies. was calculated as a measure of the amount of uncertainty contained in ensemble predictions made using multiple GCMs and multiple HMs. Thunga and Bhadra traverse 147 kilometres and 171 kilometres, respectively, until they meet at Kudali, at the height of around 610 metres at Holehonnur, about 15 kilometres from Shimoga. The future projections of the Tungabhadra Basin, a tributary to Krishna River, predicted severe drought and alterations in hydrological variables such as streamflow, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration (Gosain et al. Land use and Land Cover change Detection using Remote sensing and Geographical information system in Tungabhadra River Basin of Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh . Virupaksha Temple is also on the banks of the Tunga Bhadra River. The Tungabhadra River is a river in India that starts and flows through the state of Karnataka during most of its course, before flowing along the border between Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and ultimately joining the Krishna River near Gundimalla village in Jogulamba Gadwal district of Telangana. A different version of this model has been widely used in multiple applications across the globe (Croke & Jakeman 2004). Origin- Tungabhadra River and her Heritage Meenu et al. One can view the Tunga Bhadra River from famous Yantroddaraka Hanuman Temple at Hampi. The Tungabhadra barrage gave rise to three canal systems: The catchment area of the Tungabhadra river basin, up to its merger with the Krishna river in Telangana, is 71,417 square kilometres, accounting for 27.6% of the Krishna Basin area (259,077sq. The complete analysis is carried out using these selected five models in the subsequent section. However, no study has been reported on assessing the uncertainty in the future streamflow at the Tungabhadra Basin using multiple GCMs and HMs. 2011; Wang et al. First published in 1949 as the Economic Weekly and since 1966 as the Economic and Political Weekly, EPW, as the journal is popularly known, occupies a special place in the intellectual history of independent India. The benefits derived from the reservoir storage are irrigation with gross irrigation potential of . Each of these two rivers are fed by over a hundred tributaries, streams, creeks, rivulets, and other similar streams. 2004; Harding et al. Suggest edits to improve what we show. A detailed description of the methodology used for the selection of best-performing GCMs is mentioned in the succeeding sections. The total uncertainty in the generated ensemble streamflows is further decomposed using ANOVA to estimate the contributions of three different sources (GCMs, HMs, and SSPs). A framework to quantify the uncertainty contribution of GCMs over multiple sources in hydrological impacts of climate change, A review on climate-model-based seasonal hydrologic forecasting: physical understanding and system development, Analysis of streamflow variations in the Heihe River Basin, northwest China: trends, abrupt changes, driving factors and ecological influences, Impact of projected climate change on the hydrology in the headwaters of the Yellow River basin, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, National Centre for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, EC-EARTH consortium published at Irish Centre for High-end Computing, Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research, NashSutcliffe Coefficient of Efficiency (NSE), Logarithmic NashSutcliffe Coefficient of Efficiency (logNSE), Fourth Root Mean Quadrupled Error (R4MS4E), DDF Degree day factor (mm/C/time step), Tr Threshold temperature above which precipitation is rain (C), Ts Threshold temperature below which precipitation is snow (C), Tm Threshold temperature above which melt starts, LPrat Parameter related to the limit for potential evaporation, FC Field capacity, i.e., max soil moisture storage (mm), BETA The non-linear parameter for runoff production, Lsuz Threshold storage state, i.e., the very fast response starts if exceeded (mm), cperc Constant percolation rate (mm/time step), bmax Maximum base at low flows (time step), Croute Free scaling parameter (timestep, Sub Constant of proportionality in interflow equation, Crak Constant of proportionality in groundwater recharge equation, tau_s Recession coefficient for Soil Storage discharge (days), tau_q Recession coefficient for quick flow (days), v_s Fraction of effective rainfall that goes to groundwater, V_ALPHA_BF.gw Baseflow alpha factor (day, V_GW_DELAY.gw Groundwater Delay from soil to channel (days), V_GWQMN.gw Threshold depth of water in the shallow aquifer required for return flow to occur (mm of H, V_ESCO.hru Soil evaporation compensation factor.